Motor



Aug. 7, 1928.

v c. H. ALLEN l MOTOR Filed sept. 2e, 1923 Patented ugt 7, 1928.

,naireaysras CHARLES i-i. ALLEN,y or eLAn-EiiioNfr, NEW

v Armenian, assieNoa ro SULLIVAN.

MACHINERY COMPANY; Acoitsoniifrron'or iviAssAoiiUsnrrs. v

i MOTOR.

Application filed September 26,` 1923. Serial No. 664,858.

) Jiovide aninrproi'ed motorin which extreme iapidfity of reciprocation i may'be obtained.

A further object offmy invention is vto pro l vide Van improved motor for drill sharpening purposes in which by reason of increase in speed ot reciprocation ot`th.episton, the speed oldrill sharpening is materially increased. A still Vtui-ther object of my invention is to` provide an Aimproved motor having means Jtormaterially increasing its speed and for preventing the stalling of the motor uii-dercertainconditions.f These and other object-s and advantages ofv my inventionfwill hereinafter moret'ully appear.

1n' Vthe acompanying drawings. I have shown for purposes .of illustration three ormsfwhich my invention may assume in practice;` Y

Figzl is a Vcentral longitudinalfsectional vieivot a fluid pressure percussive type motor in-which the illustrative embodiment of my inventionis incorporated,V the piston being `'shown in aforwardposition andthe f' striking pin `in itsextreme rearward position. i i ,Y

Fig. Qis 4a viewsiniilar to that shown-in Fig. 1 with the pistonwin an eXtreme-rearward position and the striking pin in its extreme forward position.

Fig. 3 yis -lamodiedditorin of shown in Figs. lfaiid 2i.

Figa is la further inodilie'lirforin-v of the piston and cylinder' shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

ln the form ot my invention shown for purposes oi' illustration in the accompanying drawings, lhave provided a cylinder 1 having a bore 2 in vwhich apiston isr'eciprocable and adapted to` `percussively actuate arsti-iking pin 4 carried `by the front end of the motor.V The piston 3 is provided Vwith spacediront andrear heads 5 and 6 yrespectiv-elyf and which heads -are connected a reduced portion Tiforming an annular space 8 in the cylinder. Theopposite ends of the cylinder are closed by Vsuitable head Vmeni-v thev `piston bers Sand 10 whicliare heldin the desired assembled relation by meansl of side "rods including bolt heads ornuts 11,.one of which is shown-herein, iii a well known manner. n

Inorder to distribute motive fluid to and to conduct away exhaust `trom the opposite ends ot the cylinder, suitable distribution passages` 12 andl lead topoints adjacent the opposite `ends of the cyliiider,.the passage 12 leadingherein to the liront end of `the cylinder while the passage 13 leads tothe rear end thercoi". The supply and exhaust of iiuid through the distribution passages :12 and 13 is lontrolled by a valve" mechanism which is generally designated by 111 and vwhich comprises a casing 15 in which suitable bushings 16 'are soarranged as to torni a chamber' having end portions 17 of slightly siiiallei diameter than its central portion 18. riihcpassages 12 and l'communicate with the valve chan'iberadjacent the ends of the central enlarged bore 18, the passage 12 coinmunicating as at 19 and.terminating in an annular groove 20, and the passage 13 communicating 'as at 21 and terminating in an annular groove 22, Y formed adjacent shoulders 23 whichl constitute-thc ends of the enlarged bore18.

Near the remote ends of the smaller bores 17,

f Tl f ports 24: and 2o: `connect throwing passages i.26 and 27- -withthe valve chamber, theserpas- Vsages at4 their opposite ends communicating with the bore 01 the cylinder 2. The passage 26 communicates ,with the cylinder at a poi-nt spa ed a relativelysliort distance from .these 4grooves `being 1tlieposition of` the rear end of the piston Y rwhen the latter is in its forwardiworking position by a port 28 and `the passage Q27 opens .in-the bore ot-,the cylinder a substantial distance to the front from the middle Athereof` "throught a portA 29. Intermediate Vthe ports '19 and 24 and 2L and '25 respectively in the valve chest, there are formed annular Igrooves 3U and .31, which grooves ,communicate by poijtstand 33 withcham bers 3i vand `communi.eating .with the atmosphere. 'llt will be noted that the heads 5, and' G ol the4 piston 3 aie ,provided with grooves 376 and B'Tfand slots oipassages 38 and39 connecting said grooves with the an-v nular chambei-B formed between 'the piston heads..; It will also be noted that a lport L LO isgprovided substantially intermediate `the ends ot' the cylinder 2, whichisconnected at. certain times withftheannular space 8; A groove 41 is provided in the rear end of the piston head 6 and this groove communicates with the rear end ot' the cylinder bore by means ot a passage 42 for purposes hereinattei- `more 'fully described. l i

Within the valve chest is a valve which is of the three spool type, herein generally designated 43, and comprising end spoolsor heads 44 and 45 fitting in the smaller bores 17 and a central spool 46 of slightly larger diameter fitting in the larger bore 18, the heads 44 and 45 being `respectively connected with the spool 46 by reduced portions47 and 48. *The end spools 44 and 45 engage buffers 49 and 50` arranged within the ends of the bushings "16. A fluid pressure supply port.communicateswith an annular groove "52 formed between the ends of the bushings Y l16 inthe central part of the valvechest.

*In thefform of my invention shown in Q Figf3, it will beV noted that instead of groovngand slottingA the rear end of the piston as at'41 and 42, the outside diameter of the head6 isi grou'nddovvn slightly for a short Y part of its length as at 53. The 'function of i this reduced portion is substantially the same as that ofthe slotand groove shown in Figs. 1and2. l

"In the Aform of my invention shown in F igi14, it will benoted that instead of groov- -ing the rear end of the piston 3 asat 41, the

bore 2 of the cylinder is-provided with a longitudinallyextending groove v54. This groove functionsin a manner similar to that ofthe groove 41 or the'reduced diameter ot portion 53. l`V

..Having described the structureel' the illustrative form' of l'my invention, I will now point out its mode oic operation. Assuming the parts to be in position shown in Fig. 1 with vthe piston against the' strikingpin and the valve held in position against Vthe rear buffer 50 by means of live fluid pressureacting on the right hand side ot' the spool 46,1it will be observed-that the motive fhiidispassing from the annular space `52 to rthe right of lthe head 46 and, by way of port 19 andthe .passage 12 to the front end ot' the piston 3 to. Vcause a. rearward movement thereof. Simultaneously the rear end of the piston is connected. to exhaust by way of passage 13, port 21, port 33, -and chamber 35 which communicates with the atmosphere, therearward end ofthe valve'exhausting through'the` port 25, throwing passage 27, port 29, .groove 36 Jformed in the head 5 of `the piston, passage 38, annular chamber 8,

andport 40 to the atmosphere. The piston 3 will; accordingly `move rearwardly. `When the'pistonreaches its rearward position the operation is reversed. `Vlhen the piston 3 Vmoves forward during the'normal running ofthe motoronly a piii of air is admitted through the groove 41 and throwing passage 26 to the forward end of the valve preliminarily Vfilling the throwing passage and the area infront of vthe valve with livetluid pressure,thereby permitting a more rapid action of the valve when the throwing passageis uncovered by the rear end of the piston'. Heretofore when the striking pin 4 was in its extreme rearward position, as

shown in Fig. '1, communication betweenthe cylinder and thethrowing passages 26 and '2T was-cut ottv by the piston heads 5 and 6. However, if the motor stalls with the groove 41 in communication with the throw- Ying passage 26 (see Fig. 1), the vpressure passes from the rear .end of the piston through the groove 41 and the port 26 and builds'up in front of the valve head 44 throwing the valve and reversing the operation of the piston, thereby preventing the consequent stalling of the piston at this point ilthegroove 41 were` not'vp'resent. 1 The groove .41 also permits the lstarting ofthe motor when thepiston is in its extreme rearward position (see Fig. 2), the passage 13 being` ordinarily cutoff when such a groove is not present.1

As a result of my improvement it will be obseivedtliat the possibility of stalling the motor -as heretofore experienced, that .isA

when .the striking pin 4 is in its'extreme Y' Y i rearward position withboth throwing passages 26'and27covered by the piston Vheads 5 and 6, is entirely eliminated, oney of the throwing passages being uncovered at that.

time, and-Amy improvement also provides means whereby the action ot the valve is speeded up, consequently increasingvthe Vspeedbt.'the `piston and, the power ofthe motor. Astor an example ofthe ecacyof this auxiliary groove it maybeV stated that an `improvement-ot1 substantially ten per cent in speed was observed-over a similar motor constructed without this change.v

While I have in this' applicationspecificallyv described tliiee'forins ,which my innicating with said` cylinderga valve controlling said passages, valve throwing .means including Vmeans forming throwing paSSagesopening into .said cylinder for admitting-.live pressureffluid to the ends of .sa-id valve 'for throwing the latter during normal operation of kthe motor, and a movsaid' pistoii,said valvefthrowing means also including means for admitting live pres- Vlill yableiabutme'ntadapted to be actuated by` sure fluid to one end of `said valve when movement of said 'piston is so limited by movement of said abutment to one extreme position of the latter that the piston overlies the communication of the corresponding throwing passage with the cylinder.

In a pressure fluid actuated motor, a cylinder, a piston ree-iprocable therein, means forming fluid distribution passages communicating with said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, valve'throwing means including means forming throwing passages for adnfiitting live pressure fluid to the ends of saidvalve'for throwing the latter during til? normal operation of the motor, and a movable abutn'ientadapted to be'actuated byl said piston, said valve throwing means also 1nchiding a fluid conducting passage formeel in said piston and communica-ble withone Vof said valve throwing passages when moverent of said piston is limited by movement of said abutment to one extreme position of the latter.`

In a pressure 'fluid actuated motor, a cylinder, a piston reciproeable therein, means forming fluid distribution passages con'imunicating with said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, valve throwing means including means forming throwing passages opening into'said cylinder' for admitting live pressure fluid to the ends of said valve for throwing the latter during normal operation of the motor, anda reeiprocable abutment adapted to be actuated `by said piston, said valve throwing means also including means for maintaining coinmunication between said'cylinder and oneV end. of said valve when movement of said piston is so limited by movement of said abutment to one extreme position of-t-he,

latter that the piston overlies the communication of the corresponding throwing pas sage with the cylinder. Y

4. In a pressure fluid actuated motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, means forming fluid distribution passages communieating with said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, valve throwing means ineluding means forming throwing passages opening into said cylinder for admitting live pressure fluid to the ends of said valvev for throwing the latter during normal operation of the motor, and a reciproeable abutment `adapted to be actuated 'by said piston. said valve throwing means also including means for maintaining communication between said cylinder and one end of said valve when movement of said piston is so limited by movement of said abutment to its eX- treme rearward position that the piston overlies the communication ofthe correspondingv throwing passage with the cylinder.

5. In a pressure fluid actuated motor` a cylinder, a piston'reciprocable therein, means forming iuid distribution passages commulinicating .with said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, valve throwing means including means forming throwing passages `for admittino' live pressure Afluid from said cylinder to the ends of said valve for throwing the latter during normal operation of the motor, and a reciprocable abutment adapted to be actuated by said piston, said valve throwing means also including fluid conducting passages formeel in said piston and coinniunicating with one of said throwing passages for maintaining communication between said cylinder and one end of said valve when movement of said piston is lim- `ited by movement of said abutment to it:

extreme rearward position.

G. In a pressure fluid actuated motor, a cylinder, a piston `reciprocable therein having spaced piston heads, means forming fluid distribution passages communieating` with said cylinder` a valve controlling said passages, valve throwing means including means forming throwing passages for admitting live pressure fluid from said cylinder to the ends of said valve for throwing the latter during normal operation of the motor, and a reciprocable abutment adapted to be actuated by said piston, said valve throwing means also including a circumferentially extending fluid conducting groove formed in one of said piston heads and conimunicating with one of said throwing passages for maintaining communication between said cylinder and one end of said valve when movement of said piston is liml ited by movement of said abutment to its eX- treme rearward position.

7. In a pressure fluid actuated motor, a

cylinder, a piston reeiprocable therein, means forming fluid distribution passages communicating with the opposite ends of said Cyl-v inder, a valve controlling Vsaid passages and having opposed pressure areas, valve throwing means including means forming throwing passages for admitting live pressure fluid from the opposite ends of said cylinder respectively to saidV pressure areas 4for throwing said valve during normal operation of the motor, and a reciprocable abuti ment adapted to be actuated by said piston, said valve throwing means also including fluid conducting passages formed in said piston for maintaining communication respectively with the rear end of said cylinder and sagesfformed in said piston to supply inotive Huid to the front end of the Valve for pre* venting stalling of the piston when said abutment is in its extreme rearward posimeans including tion.

9. In lav pressure fluid actuated motor, a Cylinder, a .piston reciprocable therein, means forming' fluid distribution passages veomrnunieating with saideyiinder, a valve controlling said passages, valve throwing means Y forming throwing passages opening into said Cylinder for 'adinittiiig live pressure fluid to the endsfof said ,valve for throwing the latter during ynormal operation of' the mot-or, and a inovable vabutment adapted to be actuated by said Apiston, said Valve thi-owing means also ineluding means for admitting livepressure fluid to one end of said valve when the pis tonoverlies the communication ofthe corresponding throwing passagevwitli the cylinder, said latter ineans being dependent upon .one extreinepositionot said abutment and operative to start the motor when'said abutment is .iii itsextreine position.

10..In a pressure fluidactuated motor, a

`Cylinder, a pistonv reeiprocable therein,

by tlieaetion of fluid pressure in the eylinf der between the pistonand Itlieeylinder head comprising throwing passages communicating respectively with the cylinder and thev opposite' ends of said Valve, said Valve throwing means also including fluid conductino' assaOes formed in the iston forV preliiniiiarily supplying livev pressure fluid to oneof said throwing passages priorptoA its being overrun by an' outer end of the piston to ,admit throwing pressure thereto.

l1. In a pressure fluid aetuated motor, a

eylinden "a piston reeiproeable therein,

means forming fluid distribution passages communicating with said cylinder adJacent theends thereof,a valve Vcontrolling said ioY passageaand means fortlirowing said valve by the fluid inl thev cylinder which directly Y aetuates the piston comprising Vthrowing passages communicating respectively with the cylinder and the opposite ends of said conduetinggroove foiined on periphery of said piston land eoininunieablerespective gvalre, said valve tlirowing'ineans -alsoin i veluding a. eircuinferentially extending fluid ly' with one end of said cylinder andone of said throwing passages for-prelimiiiaiily'V admitting `live pressure fluidito -one, of the latter prior. to the admission of throwing pressure thereto.

A In testimony whereof I affix mysignature.

CHARLES ALLEN. 

